Country: Cameroon
Administrative region: Southwest (Region)
Central co-ordinates: 5.06000 N, 9.62000 E
Area: 293.2km²
Qualifying IPA Criteria
A(i)Site contains one or more globally threatened species
IPA assessment rationale
Bakossi National Park likely qualifies as an IPA under multiple criteria. It is one of the largest and most intact areas of submontane moist tropical forest in Cameroon and appears to have high species diversity. It has also been reported to have a very high number of endemic species as well as many social, economic or culturally important species (Cheek et al., 2004), although the latter require formal comparison with other sites to meet the IPA criteria. Abundant evidence of globally threatened species with significant populations at the site is documented here for qualification under criterion A(i).
Site description
Bakossi National Park is a large area of submontane rainforest in Kupe-Mwanenguba Division, Southwest Region, Cameroon, along the Cameron volcanic line approximately 100 km from the coast. The main north-south running Kumba-Mamfe N8 road lies 10-15 km to the west and to the east towns and villages lie along the high valley which separates the park from Mt Mwanenguba and Mont Kupe further to the south. The administrative headquarters are sited within the town of Bangem 5 km beyond the northeast border. The National Park corresponds largely to the Mwendolengo mountains, as well as part of the Edib hills to the south. The range to the north of the Mbwe (Mbu) valley border is known as the Mwenzekong mountains which forms the southeastern part of the large Banyang Mbo reserve. The National Park takes its name from the much larger Bakossi tribal area (Cheek et al., 2004). It was created in November 2007 by Prime Ministerial decree No 2007/1459/PM, with safeguarding plant as well as animal species explicitly cited as objectives, together with protection of watersheds (Govt. Cameroon, 2007). This followed focus on the area by WWF and San Diego Zoo, Kew Gardens and the National Herbarium of Cameroon thanks to the GEF-World-Bank-MINEF (now MINEPDED) project, who surveyed the plant diversity of the wider Bakossi area between 1995 and 2003 (Cheek et al., 2004), resulting in proposals for a network of protected areas. Of these, however, only Bakossi National Park and Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary have been officially gazetted up to now.
Botanical significance
The Bakossi mountains are a major and relatively well preserved part of the Cameroon Highlands Forests ecoregion (WWF..., Cheek et al 2004), which represents one of the most diverse areas of tropical Africa. Cheek et al. (2004) report 2412 species in the larger 2390 km2 Bakossi checklist area and a particularly large number of local endemics. The richness per unit area is likely to be higher within the national park area although the number of local endemics may have been reduced somewhat by subsequent discoveries in other areas. The Cameroon Highlands follow a geological fault and represent a relatively narrow and small zone of submontane and montane forest in west or central Africa. Still close to the coast, diversity is boosted by high rainfall, while further north, much of these highlands have also been severely degraded by settlement and agriculture, with only small outposts of intact forest remaining (Cheek et al., 2000; Cheek et al., 2004; Cheek et al. 2010). A very high number of species from within the national park have been assessed as globally threatened under the IUCN red list scheme and for a large proportion of these, Bakossi National Park, sometimes together with Mt Kupe which has been more intensively surveyed, likely represents the most significant, if not the only, known population. Species currently endemic to the site itself include: Ledermanniella onanae, Hypolytrum subcompositus, Keetia bakossiorum, Pavetta rubentifolia, Memecylon bakossiense and Cola kodminensis. Unfortunately, many taxa recorded in Cheek et al. (2004) were collected around sites just outside the later gazetted National Park boundaries at Kodmin, Lake Edip and Nyandong. A certain latitude has been taken here to include several of these taxa where exact collection sites are unknown or interpreted to be very close to the boundary which is still not demarcated on the ground. However, a number of taxa had to be excluded and sites such as Lake Edip to the south and Bime rock to the northeast are notable, phytologically important, physical features requiring additional protection.
Habitat and geology
Although the terrain of the entire Kupe-Bakossi-Mwanenguba area is linked to the Cameroon line geological fault where the Congo craton and the West African plate meet, there is geological variation between the various peaks. Several phases of of geological activity are responsible. Uplifted basement complex rocks constitute part of the Bakossi mountains area (Cheek et al.,2020) and Wild (2004a) refers to metamorphic schists. However, much more recent volcanic activity is also prominent. Older than Mt Kupe and Mwanenguba, the volcanic rocks apparently derive from a period in the late Neogene when eruptive activity formed an inferior "white series" (Sieffermann, 1973; Wild, 2004a). Pouclet et al. (2005) date phonolite extrusions in the Bakossi mountains to the upper Miocene (7.55 +- 0.18 Ma), making them somewhat younger than trachytes of Ekomane in the Banyang Mbo sanctuary and much younger than the Pleistocene lava flows in the Bangem area. Intrusive (granite or syenite) inselbergs are also found throughout the area, such as Bime on the northeast border and Nyale rock in the southeast (Wild, 2004a). Like Mt Mwanenguba to the east (Wild, 2004a), the Edib mountains, at the southern edge of the site are an extinct volcano. Edib crater lake is just outside the site boundary.
The volcanic terrain gives rise to andosols in much of this area, although more clayey Nitrosols are predominant to the west and ferralsols to the east and north and may also feature in non-volcanic areas (Ngachi et al., 1992; Yerima & Ranst, 2005). Gleying also occurs due to high precipitation and mist (Wild, 2004a). Edib volcanic soils are less fertile than the highly cultivated soils of Kupe and Mwanenguba, corresponding presumably to their greater age (Wild, 2004a; Cheek et al., 2020). Birdlife (2021) describe clearings in the forest, especially near Kodmin, where forest apparently struggles to regrow. This may reflect poor soils and perhaps seasonal aridity without existing forest to draw down mist as horizontal precipitation, as well as reduced growth due to the impact of altitude and cloud on temperature, insolation and soil nutrient cycling (Wild, 2004a). It has strong conservation implications for forest clearance and shifting agriculture.
The whole region has high precipitation, augmented by horizontal precipitation which probably mitigates against reduced dry season rainfall. Birdlife (2021) suggest the Edib hills are the wettest part of the Bakossi IBA but parts of south western Kupe is likely wetter still, with up to 6-7 m possible (Cheek et al.,2020) and a mean of 4 m recorded at Nyasoso. At Bangem to the northeast the mean is only 2.8 m, although sources and periods differ (Wild 2004a, adapted from Ejedepang-Koge, 1986). Temperature varies little seasonally around 23-24 deg C and daily cycles are far greater. While latent heat from condensing air may in theory slightly reduce the normal lapse rate of 0.6 per 100m, reduced insolation due to cloud more than makes up for this (Wild, 2004a). Cloud cover and cloud forest - characterised by reduced tree stature, increased stem density, and abundance of tree ferns, epiphytes, mosses and ferns draping the forest - apparently extends to lower elevations in parts of Bakossi National Park than nearby Mount Mwanenguba and Mount Kupe (Wild, 2004a).
The area is an important watershed. The river Jide (Chide or Chede) flows south between Bakossi and Mwanenguba and joins the Mungo near Tombel. Another tributary of the Mungo river flows from the west of the Bakossi National Park, while the main tributary flows from the Rumpi Hills. The Mbwi (Mbu) drains to the north, flowing between Banyang and Bakossi to join the Cross river flowing west to Nigeria. The river Dikombe is fed by eastern Kupe and Mwanenguba and flows south to join the Wouri.
The vegetation of the wider area is extensively discussed by Cheek et al. (2004). The site is predominantly submontane cloud forest rich in epiphytes. There are also rocky areas, streams with reophytic communities, crater lakes and curious "grassland" areas amidst the forest.
Conservation issues
The boundaries of the National Park do not incorporate all of the rare or threatened taxa recorded, with particularly richly sampled areas close to the borders at Nyandong, Kodmin, Enyandong and Lake Edip (Cheek et al., 2004). For this reason, sensitive management of the border regions are particularly important. The lowland forest to the west of the park is poorly surveyed and rich and valuable forest habitat likely extends beyond the boundary to the Kumba-Mamfé road, and indeed beyond to the Rumpi Hills area. Beyond the western border, and also to the northwest between the site and Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, this forest is designated as production forest reserves, and a smaller area of palm oil plantation, all of which are currently inactive (MINFOF & WRI, 2021). It is important that if these areas to become actively exploited that they are well managed and every effort is made to ensure forest species are retained and habitat corridors remain to link the protected areas. To the east, northeast and south, small scale cultivation and settlement around the existing communities and roads are the main threats. Bangem is a moderately-sized town and the highlands between Mt Mwanenguba and the site boundary, as well as the Jide valley, have been substantially deforested. It is important to preserve or restore habitat corridors between the highlands of Mwanenguba, Kupe and Banyang Mbo, and also with the Baksossi, Mungo and Loum forest reserves to the south.
Support for conservation amongst local leaders has been strong, although there is also local demand for roads and development (Cheek et al. 2004).
Although mineral exploitation permits have appeared to overlap the national park (MINFOF & WRI, 2013), the area is not among those where proven deposits have been demonstrated and mining activity does not appear likely in the near future (Tchindjang et al., 2017).
Ecosystem services
The official decree establishing the National Park cited protection of watersheds as a fundamental objective. The high annual rainfall is largely seasonal but the Mungo river, a major tributary of which flows from the west of the park, is renowned for maintaining a stable flow (WWF 2020). The montane cloud forest, with its dense structure of vegetation including vines, epiphytes and bryophytes as well trees, likely plays a vitally important role in this, both by condensing mist as horizontal precipitation and by buffering and recycling vertical precipitation. The former is especially important during the marked dry season between November and April (Williams et al., 2004). Studies in other parts of the world have shown that horizontal precipitation may contribute up to 46% of total precipitation (Hu & Rivers-Iregui, 2016). At nearby Mt Kupe, seasonal reduction in dry season water level of streams has alarmed local villagers who attribute it to upland deforestation (Williams et al., 2004), while downstream the Mungo river is vital to the health and livelihoods of people in various ways (WWF, 2020).
The site provides valuable habitat, particularly rare cloud forest, for a diverse range of birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and mammals, including Drills and Nigerian-Cameroon Chimpanzees (Wild et al., 2004a; Wild et al., 2005; Morgan et al., 2011). Elephants occur to the north and south in Banyang Mbo sanctuary and Mungo-Bakossi forest reserve, making Bakossi National Park a potential migratory route (Wild et al., 2004a).
Although, like most of Cameroon, ecotourism is poorly established, the Kupe-Bakossi-Mwanenguba area has great potential but requires careful management. For this to happen it is likely necessary for the charismatic fauna to be preserved and encouraged, which depends not only on safeguarding forest within the park but also requires protecting and reestablishing habitat corridors between neighbouring sites including Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, Mungo-Bakossi forest reserve, Mt Kupe, Mt Mwanenguba, Mt Nlonako, Rumpi Hills and even Korup National Park.
The Bakossi people rely on the forest to meet many of their basic needs. Many edible, medicinal and other useful species are recorded from the site and used by local people (Pollard., 2004). Traditional houses called “Ndabechung” are built with stems of Cyathea, the tree fern. The area also harbours many sacred sites for the Bakossi people (Ejedepang-Koge 1986; Wild, 2004b).
Site assessor(s)
Assessed by:
Bruce Murphy, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Barthélemy Tchiengué, Institute of Agronomic Research and Development, Herbier National Camerounais, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Jean Michel Onana, University of Yaounde I, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant Biology; IRAD-Herbier National Camerounais
IPA criterion A species
| Species | Qualifying sub-criterion | ≥ 1% of global population | ≥ 5% of national population | 1 of 5 best sites nationally | Entire global population | Socio-economically important | Abundance at site |
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| Hypolytrum subcompositus Lye & D.A.Simpson, | A(i) |  |
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| Keetia bakossiorum Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Pavetta rubentifolia S.D.Manning | A(i) | |
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| Phyllanthus nyale Petra Hoffm. & Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Memecylon bakossiense R.D.Stone, Ghogue & Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Ledermanniella onanae Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Cola kodminensis Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Phyllanthus caesiifolius Petra Hoffm. & Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Amphiblemma monticola Jacq.-Fél. | A(i) | |
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| Begonia adpressa Sosef | A(i) | |
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| Begonia pelargoniiflora J.J.de Wilde & J.C.Arends | A(i) | |
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| Cyathula fernando-poensis Suess. & Friedrich | A(i) | |
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| Diospyros kupensis Gosline | A(i) | |
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| Dorstenia poinsettifolia Engl. var. etugeana B.J.Pollard | A(i) | |
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| Habenaria batesii la Croix | A(i) | |
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| Impatiens frithii Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Impatiens letouzeyi Grey-Wilson | A(i) | |
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| Justicia leucoxiphus Vollesen, Cheek & Ghogue | A(i) | |
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| Manilkara zenkeri Lecomte ex Aubrév. & Pellegr. | A(i) | |
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| Mesanthemum jaegeri Jacq.-Fél. | A(i) | |
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| Octoknema bakossiensis Gosline & Malécot | A(i) | |
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| Pavetta muiriana S.D.Manning | A(i) | |
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| Piptostigma submontanum Ghogue, Sonké & Couvreur, | A(i) | |
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| Quassia sanguinea Cheek & Jongkind | A(i) | |
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| Rhaphidophora pusilla N.E.Br | A(i) | |
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| Rinorea fausteana Achound. | A(i) | |
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| Rothmannia ebamutensis Sonké | A(i) | |
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| Sabicea bullata Zemagho, O.Lachenaud & Sonké | A(i), A(iv) | |
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| Scleria afroreflexa Lye | A(i) | |
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| Talbotiella bakossiensis Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Secamone racemosa (Benth.) Klack. | A(i) | |
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| Uvariodendron giganteum (Engl.) R.E.Fr. | A(i) | |
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| Vepris lecomteana (Pierre) Cheek & T.Heller | A(i) | |
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| Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr. | A(i) | |
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| Dactyladenia johnstonei (Hoyle) Prance & F.White | A(i) | |
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| Eugenia fernandopoana Engl. & Brehmer | A(i) | |
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| Nothospondias staudtii Engl. | A(i) | |
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| Allophylus conraui Gilg ex Radlk. | A(i) | |
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| Amorphophallus preussii (Engl.) N.E.Br. | A(i) | |
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| Begonia furfuracea Hook.f. | A(i) | |
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| Drypetes staudtii (Pax) Hutch. | A(i) | |
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| Medusandra richardsiana Brenan | A(i) | |
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| Memecylon dasyanthum Gilg & Ledermann ex Engl. | A(i) | |
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| Mikaniopsis maitlandii C.D.Adams | A(i) | |
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| Pavetta brachycalyx Hiern | A(i) | |
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| Coleus cataractum (B.J.Pollard) A.J.Paton | A(i) | |
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| Pseuderanthemum dispermum Milne-Redh. | A(i) | |
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| Sabicea xanthotricha Wernham | A(i) | |
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| Sarcophrynium villosum (Benth.) K.Schum. | A(i) | |
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| Baillonella toxisperma Pierre | A(i) | |
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| Begonia bonus-henricus J.J.de Wilde | A(i) | |
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| Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sprague) Sprague | A(i) | |
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| Entandrophragma utile (Dawe & Sprague) Sprague | A(i) | |
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| Garcinia kola Heckel | A(i) | |
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| Hypolytrum pseudomapanioides D.A.Simpson & Lye | A(i) | |
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| Loesenera talbotii Baker f. | A(i) | |
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| Lophira alata Banks ex Gaertn.f. | A(i) | |
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| Macropodiella pellucida (Engl.) C.Cusset | A(i) | |
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| Neoschumannia kamerunensis Schltr. | A(i) | |
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| Strychnos staudtii Gilg | A(i) | |
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| Trichostachys interrupta K.Schum. | A(i) | |
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| Afrofittonia silvestris Lindau | A(i) | |
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| Afropectinariella pungens (Schltr.) M.Simo & Stévart | A(i) | |
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| Anthocleista microphylla Wernham | A(i) | |
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| Begonia duncan-thomasii Sosef | A(i) | |
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| Begonia oxyanthera Warb. | A(i) | |
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| Begonia preussii Warb. | A(i) | |
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| Begonia prismatocarpa Hook. subsp. delobata Sosef | A(i) | |
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| Bulbophyllum bifarium Hook.f. | A(i) | |
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| Bulbophyllum teretifolium Schltr. | A(i) | |
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| Calochone acuminata Keay | A(i) | |
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| Chassalia laikomensis Cheek | A(i), A(iii) | |
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| Coffea bakossii Cheek & Bridson | A(i) | |
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| Dracaena kupensis Mwachala, Cheek, Eb.Fisch. & Muasya | A(i) | |
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| Hymenocoleus glaber Robbr. | A(i) | |
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| Justicia orbicularis (Lindau) V.A.W.Graham | A(i) | |
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| Kupeantha kupensis Cheek & Sonké | A(i) | |
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| Leptonychia kamerunensis Engl. & K.Krause | A(i) | |
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| Liparis goodyeroides Schltr. | A(i) | |
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| Magnistipula conrauana Engl. | A(i) | |
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| Manniella cypripedioides Salazar, T.Franke, Zapfack & Beenken | A(i) | |
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| Marsdenia magniflora P.T.Li | A(i) | |
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| Mussaenda epiphytica Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Napoleonaea egertonii Baker f. | A(i) | |
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| Oncoba lophocarpa Oliv. | A(i) | |
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| Oxyanthus montanus Sonké | A(i) | |
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| Pararistolochia ceropegioides (S.Moore) Hutch. & Dalziel | A(i) | |
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| Polystachya superposita Rchb.f. | A(i) | |
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| Pseudagrostistachys africana subsp. africana | A(i) | |
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| Psychotria bakossiensis Cheek & Sonké | A(i) | |
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| Psychotria darwiniana Cheek | A(i) | |
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| Psychotria podocarpa Petit | A(i) | |
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| Rhipidoglossum polydactylum (Kraenzl.) Garay | A(i) | |
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| Rinorea thomasii Achound. | A(i) | |
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| Schefflera hierniana Harms | A(i) | |
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| Staurogyne bicolor (Mildbr.) Champl. | A(i) | |
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| Stolzia grandiflora P.J.Cribb subsp. lejolyana Stévart, Droissart & M.Simo | A(i) | |
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| Streptocarpus lineatum (B.L.Burtt) Mich.Möller & M.Hughes | A(i) | |
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| Triclisia lanceolata Troupin | A(i) | |
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| Triclisia macrophylla Oliv. | A(i) | |
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| Uvariopsis korupensis Gereau & Kenfack | A(i) | |
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| Uvariopsis submontana Kenfack, Gosline & Gereau | A(i) | |
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| Vepris trifoliolata (Engl.) Mziray | A(i) | |
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| Xylopia africana (Benth.) Oliv. | A(i) | |
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| Drypetes magnistipula (Pax) Hutch. | A(i) | |
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| Crateranthus talbotii Baker f. | A(i) | |
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| Dorstenia astyanactis Aké Assi | A(i) | |
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| Placodiscus opacus Radlk. | A(i) | |
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| Psychotria lanceifolia K.Schum. | A(i) | |
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| Secamone letouzeana (H. Huber) Klack. | A(i) | |
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| Acanthopale decempedalis C.B.Clarke | A(i) | |
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| Mendoncia camerounensis Breteler & Wieringa | A(i) | |
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| Psychotria retrofracta O.Lachenaud | A(i), A(iv) | |
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| Aframomum kodmin D.J.Harris & Wortley | A(i), A(iv) | |
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| Ledermanniella letouzeyi C.Cussett | A(i), A(iv) | |
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| Ledermanniella thalloidea (Engl.) C.Cusset | A(i) | |
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| Liparis ascendens P.J.Cribb | A(i) | |
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| Vigna desmodioides R.Wilczek | A(i) | |
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| Beilschmiedia cuspidata (K.Krause) Robyns & R.Wilczek | A(i) | |
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| Bulbophyllum gravidum Lindl. | A(i) | |
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| Ardisia koupensis Taton | A(i) | |
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| Plagiosiphon discifer Harms | A(i) | |
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| Pseudosabicea batesii (Wernham) N.Hallé | A(i) | |
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Hypolytrum subcompositus Lye & D.A.Simpson,
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Keetia bakossiorum Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pavetta rubentifolia S.D.Manning
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Phyllanthus nyale Petra Hoffm. & Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Memecylon bakossiense R.D.Stone, Ghogue & Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Ledermanniella onanae Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Cola kodminensis Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Phyllanthus caesiifolius Petra Hoffm. & Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Amphiblemma monticola Jacq.-Fél.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia adpressa Sosef
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia pelargoniiflora J.J.de Wilde & J.C.Arends
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Cyathula fernando-poensis Suess. & Friedrich
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Diospyros kupensis Gosline
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Dorstenia poinsettifolia Engl. var. etugeana B.J.Pollard
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Habenaria batesii la Croix
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Impatiens frithii Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Impatiens letouzeyi Grey-Wilson
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Justicia leucoxiphus Vollesen, Cheek & Ghogue
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Manilkara zenkeri Lecomte ex Aubrév. & Pellegr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Mesanthemum jaegeri Jacq.-Fél.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Octoknema bakossiensis Gosline & Malécot
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pavetta muiriana S.D.Manning
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Piptostigma submontanum Ghogue, Sonké & Couvreur,
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Quassia sanguinea Cheek & Jongkind
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Rhaphidophora pusilla N.E.Br
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Rinorea fausteana Achound.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Rothmannia ebamutensis Sonké
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Sabicea bullata Zemagho, O.Lachenaud & Sonké
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iv)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Scleria afroreflexa Lye
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Talbotiella bakossiensis Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Secamone racemosa (Benth.) Klack.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Uvariodendron giganteum (Engl.) R.E.Fr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Vepris lecomteana (Pierre) Cheek & T.Heller
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Dactyladenia johnstonei (Hoyle) Prance & F.White
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Eugenia fernandopoana Engl. & Brehmer
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Nothospondias staudtii Engl.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Allophylus conraui Gilg ex Radlk.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Amorphophallus preussii (Engl.) N.E.Br.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia furfuracea Hook.f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Drypetes staudtii (Pax) Hutch.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Medusandra richardsiana Brenan
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Memecylon dasyanthum Gilg & Ledermann ex Engl.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Mikaniopsis maitlandii C.D.Adams
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pavetta brachycalyx Hiern
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Coleus cataractum (B.J.Pollard) A.J.Paton
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pseuderanthemum dispermum Milne-Redh.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Sabicea xanthotricha Wernham
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Sarcophrynium villosum (Benth.) K.Schum.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Baillonella toxisperma Pierre
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia bonus-henricus J.J.de Wilde
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sprague) Sprague
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Entandrophragma utile (Dawe & Sprague) Sprague
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Garcinia kola Heckel
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Hypolytrum pseudomapanioides D.A.Simpson & Lye
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Loesenera talbotii Baker f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Lophira alata Banks ex Gaertn.f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Macropodiella pellucida (Engl.) C.Cusset
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Neoschumannia kamerunensis Schltr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Strychnos staudtii Gilg
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Trichostachys interrupta K.Schum.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Afrofittonia silvestris Lindau
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Afropectinariella pungens (Schltr.) M.Simo & Stévart
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Anthocleista microphylla Wernham
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia duncan-thomasii Sosef
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia oxyanthera Warb.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia preussii Warb.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Begonia prismatocarpa Hook. subsp. delobata Sosef
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Bulbophyllum bifarium Hook.f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Bulbophyllum teretifolium Schltr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Calochone acuminata Keay
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Chassalia laikomensis Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Coffea bakossii Cheek & Bridson
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Dracaena kupensis Mwachala, Cheek, Eb.Fisch. & Muasya
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Hymenocoleus glaber Robbr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Justicia orbicularis (Lindau) V.A.W.Graham
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Kupeantha kupensis Cheek & Sonké
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Leptonychia kamerunensis Engl. & K.Krause
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Liparis goodyeroides Schltr.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Magnistipula conrauana Engl.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Manniella cypripedioides Salazar, T.Franke, Zapfack & Beenken
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Marsdenia magniflora P.T.Li
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Mussaenda epiphytica Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Napoleonaea egertonii Baker f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Oncoba lophocarpa Oliv.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Oxyanthus montanus Sonké
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pararistolochia ceropegioides (S.Moore) Hutch. & Dalziel
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Polystachya superposita Rchb.f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pseudagrostistachys africana subsp. africana
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Psychotria bakossiensis Cheek & Sonké
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Psychotria darwiniana Cheek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Psychotria podocarpa Petit
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Rhipidoglossum polydactylum (Kraenzl.) Garay
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Rinorea thomasii Achound.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Schefflera hierniana Harms
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Staurogyne bicolor (Mildbr.) Champl.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Stolzia grandiflora P.J.Cribb subsp. lejolyana Stévart, Droissart & M.Simo
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Streptocarpus lineatum (B.L.Burtt) Mich.Möller & M.Hughes
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Triclisia lanceolata Troupin
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Triclisia macrophylla Oliv.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Uvariopsis korupensis Gereau & Kenfack
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Uvariopsis submontana Kenfack, Gosline & Gereau
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Vepris trifoliolata (Engl.) Mziray
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Xylopia africana (Benth.) Oliv.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Drypetes magnistipula (Pax) Hutch.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Crateranthus talbotii Baker f.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Dorstenia astyanactis Aké Assi
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Placodiscus opacus Radlk.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Psychotria lanceifolia K.Schum.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Secamone letouzeana (H. Huber) Klack.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Acanthopale decempedalis C.B.Clarke
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Mendoncia camerounensis Breteler & Wieringa
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Psychotria retrofracta O.Lachenaud
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iv)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Aframomum kodmin D.J.Harris & Wortley
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iv)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Ledermanniella letouzeyi C.Cussett
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iv)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Ledermanniella thalloidea (Engl.) C.Cusset
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Liparis ascendens P.J.Cribb
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Vigna desmodioides R.Wilczek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Beilschmiedia cuspidata (K.Krause) Robyns & R.Wilczek
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Bulbophyllum gravidum Lindl.
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Ardisia koupensis Taton
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Plagiosiphon discifer Harms
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
Pseudosabicea batesii (Wernham) N.Hallé
Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i)
≥ 1% of global population:
≥ 5% of national population:
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
Entire global population:
Socio-economically important:
Abundance at site:
General site habitats
| General site habitat | Percent coverage | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest | 50 | Major |
| Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest | 40 | Major |
| Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Swamp Forest | |
|
| Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers, Streams, Creeks [includes waterfalls] | |
|
| Rocky Areas - Rocky Areas [e.g. inland cliffs, mountain peaks] | |
Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest
Percent coverage:
50
Importance:
Major
Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest
Percent coverage:
40
Importance:
Major
Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Swamp Forest
Percent coverage:
Importance:
Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers, Streams, Creeks [includes waterfalls]
Percent coverage:
Importance:
Rocky Areas - Rocky Areas [e.g. inland cliffs, mountain peaks]
Percent coverage:
Importance:
Land use types
| Land use type | Percent coverage | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Nature conservation | 100 | Major |
Nature conservation
Percent coverage:
100
Importance:
Major
Threats
| Threat | Severity | Timing |
|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture - Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture | Low | Ongoing - trend unknown |
| Biological resource use - Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | Medium | Ongoing - trend unknown |
| Biological resource use - Logging & wood harvesting | Low | Past, likely to return |
| Natural system modifications - Fire & fire suppression | Low | Past, likely to return |
| Transportation & service corridors - Roads & railroads | Medium | Future - inferred threat |
Agriculture & aquaculture - Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture
Severity:
Low
Timing:
Ongoing - trend unknown
Biological resource use - Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
Severity:
Medium
Timing:
Ongoing - trend unknown
Biological resource use - Logging & wood harvesting
Severity:
Low
Timing:
Past, likely to return
Natural system modifications - Fire & fire suppression
Severity:
Low
Timing:
Past, likely to return
Transportation & service corridors - Roads & railroads
Severity:
Medium
Timing:
Future - inferred threat
Protected areas
| Protected area name | Protected area type | Relationship with IPA | Areal overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bakossi National Park | National Park | protected/conservation area matches IPA | 100 |
Bakossi National Park
Protected area type:
National Park
Relationship with IPA:
protected/conservation area matches IPA
Areal overlap:
100
Conservation designation
| Designation name | Protected area | Relationship with IPA | Areal overlap |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bakossi mountains IBA | Important Bird Area | IPA encompasses protected/conservation area | |
| Bakossi mountains KBA | Key Biodiversity Area | IPA encompasses protected/conservation area | |
Bakossi mountains IBA
Protected area:
Important Bird Area
Relationship with IPA:
IPA encompasses protected/conservation area
Areal overlap:
Bakossi mountains KBA
Protected area:
Key Biodiversity Area
Relationship with IPA:
IPA encompasses protected/conservation area
Areal overlap:
Management type
| Management type | Description | Year started | Year finished |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protected Area management plan in place | Unknown if management plan exists. Although officially gazetted, park boundaries have not been established and active management and policing is believed to be minimal or non-existent. | 2007 | |
Protected Area management plan in place
Unknown if management plan exists. Although officially gazetted, park boundaries have not been established and active management and policing is believed to be minimal or non-existent.
Year started:
2007
Year finished:
Bibliography
The Plants of Mount Oku and the Ijim Ridge, Cameroon, A Conservation Checklist.
The plants of Bali Ngemba Forest Reserve, Cameroon: a conservation checklist
The Plants of Dom, Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon: a Conservation Checklist
The Mount Manengouba, a complex volcano of the Cameroon Line: Volcanic history, petrological and geochemical features
Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol 97, page(s) 297-321 Available online
Setting up of the Bakossi National Park
Official Gazette of the Republic of Cameroon. 48th Year special issue, 30 December 2007 (pub. Official Gazette Department, Presidency of the Republic), page(s) 98-100 Available online
Coastal Forests Programme: Bakossi National Park
Important Bird Areas factsheet: Bakossi mountains
Conservation of Drill Populations in Bakossiland, Cameroon: Historical Trends and Current Status
International Journal of Primatology, Vol 26(4), page(s) 759-773
The Vertebrate Fauna
The Plants of Kupe, Mwanenenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: a conservation checklist (pub. RBG)
Byrophytes and Water Capture
The Plants of Kupe, Mwanenenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: a conservation checklist (pub. RBG, Kew), page(s) 90-98
The Physical Environment
The Plants of Kupe, Mwanenenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: a conservation checklist (pub. RBG Kew), page(s) 17-23
Notes on the plants of Bakossi, Cameroon, and the new Cola etugei and Cola kodminensis (Sterculiaceae s. str.)
Plant Ecology and Evolution, Vol 153 (1), page(s) 108–119
Major Soil Classification Systems Used in the Tropics: Soils of Cameroon
A general assessment of soil resources and soil fertility constraints in Cameroon on the basis of FAO-UNESCO soil map anlaysis
Tropicultura, Vol 10(2), page(s) 61-63
Sacred Groves
The Plants of Kupe, Mwanenenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: a conservation checklist (pub. RBG, Kew)
Ethnobotany
The Plants of Kupe, Mwanenenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: a conservation checklist (pub. RBG, Kew), page(s) 81-87
Life in the clouds: are tropical montane cloud forests responding to changes in climate?
Oecologia, Vol 180, page(s) 1061–1073
Cameroon's Forest Estate December 2013 poster
Mapping of the dilemma of mining against forest and conservation in the Lom and Djérem Division, Cameroon
The tradition of a people, Bakossi: A historico-socio-anthropological study of one of Cameroon's Bantu peoples
The Plants of Kupe, Mwangenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: A Conservation Checklist
Forest Atlas of Cameroon
Recommended citation
Bruce Murphy, Barthélemy Tchiengué, Jean Michel Onana (2025) Tropical Important Plant Areas Explorer: Bakossi National Park (Cameroon). https://tipas.kew.org/site/bakossi-national-park/ (Accessed on 18/03/2025)