Arfak Mountains

Pegunungan Arfak

NGUTIPA003
Arfak Mountains

Country: New Guinea

Administrative region: Papua (Province)

Central co-ordinates: 1.12959 S, 133.97629 E

Qualifying IPA Criteria

A(iii)Site contains one or more highly restricted endemic species that are potentially threatened

IPA assessment rationale

There are 31 plant species which current data indicates are endemic to this area. The Arfak mountains are a largely intact primary montane rainforest ecosystem, and the rapid elevational change from sea level to over 1000 metres on the eastern side means that there is a gradation of vegetation types within a small area.

Site description

The Arfak mountains is a mountain range on the eastern side of the Bird's Head peninsula in north-west New Guinea which lies between Manokwari and the Anggi Lakes. The highest point is Mount Arfak at 2955 metres asl. On the eastern coast there is a rapid elevational change from sea level to over 1000 metres within about 10 km, which means that there is a gradation between different vegetation types within a relatively small area.

Botanical significance

There are 30 endemic plant species known only from the Arfak mountains, but the region is very under-surveyed due to difficulties of access. The area has become accessible by road only recently, with earlier botanical expeditions involving 2 to 4 days walk from the coast. Most collections have been made on the periphery of mountain range, particularly in the northern side where access is easiest from Manokwari.

Habitat and geology

The Arfak mountains are part of the Vogelkop montane rain forest ecoregion. There is a rapid elevation gain from the coast to high mountains on the eastern side of the range. The Montane forest habitats begin at around 800 to 1000 metres asl, and have forests dominated by Fagaceae, Lauraceae and Myrtaceae, which changes to Nothofagus forests with deep moss, and then Ericaceae-dominated shrubbery at higher elevations.

Conservation issues

The majority of the range is remote and inaccessible, with few roads, which means that there has been low levels of large-scale habitat disturbance such as logging or infrastructure development.

Site assessor(s)

Laura Jennings, Royal Botanic Garden Kew

Charlie Heatubun, The Provincial Government of West Papua and Universitas Papua

Jimmy Wanma, State University of Papua

Liam Trethowan, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

IPA criterion A species

Species Qualifying sub-criterion ≥ 1% of global population ≥ 5% of national population 1 of 5 best sites nationally Entire global population Socio-economically important Abundance at site
Saurauia spinosa M.Briggs A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Marsdenia arfakensis P.I.Forst. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Rhaphidophora pilosa P.C.Boyce A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Heptapleurum secundum (Philipson) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry A(i), A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Anaphalis arfakensis Mattf. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Papuasicyos arfakensis (W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes) H.Schaef. & S.S.Renner A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Gymnosphaera phlebodes (Lehnert & Coritico) S.Y.Dong A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Sericolea arfakensis Gibbs A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Rhododendron asperum J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Rhododendron proliferum Sleumer A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Aeschynanthus microtrichus C.B.Clarke A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Endiandra arfakensis Kosterm. A(i), A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Seringia botak Cheek A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Musa arfakiana Argent A(i), A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Appendicula rostrata J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Bulbophyllum bigibbosum J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Bulbophyllum pristis J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Calanthe reflexilabris J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Ceratostylis arfakensis J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False Unknown
Corybas arfakensis Schltr. A(iii) True True False True False
Dendrobium cuculliferum J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False
Dendrobium cylindricum J.J.Sm. A(iii) True True False True False
Pseuderia amblyornidis (Rchb.f.) Ormerod A(iii) True True False True False
Pteris bambusoides A.Gepp A(iii) True True False True False
Myrmephytum arfakianum (Becc.) C.R.Huxley & Jebb A(iii) True True False True False
Guioa amabilis Kaneh. & Hatus. A(iii), A(iv) True True False True False
Rhysotoechia momiensis Kaneh. & Hatus. A(i), A(iii) True True False True False
Alpinia domatifera Valeton A(iii) True True False True False
Riedelia arfakensis Valeton A(iii) True True False True False

Saurauia spinosa M.Briggs

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Marsdenia arfakensis P.I.Forst.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Rhaphidophora pilosa P.C.Boyce

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Heptapleurum secundum (Philipson) G.M.Plunkett & Lowry

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Anaphalis arfakensis Mattf.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Papuasicyos arfakensis (W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes) H.Schaef. & S.S.Renner

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Gymnosphaera phlebodes (Lehnert & Coritico) S.Y.Dong

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Sericolea arfakensis Gibbs

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Rhododendron asperum J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Rhododendron proliferum Sleumer

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Aeschynanthus microtrichus C.B.Clarke

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Endiandra arfakensis Kosterm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Seringia botak Cheek

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Musa arfakiana Argent

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Appendicula rostrata J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Bulbophyllum bigibbosum J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Bulbophyllum pristis J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Calanthe reflexilabris J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Ceratostylis arfakensis J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:
Unknown

Corybas arfakensis Schltr.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Dendrobium cuculliferum J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Dendrobium cylindricum J.J.Sm.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Pseuderia amblyornidis (Rchb.f.) Ormerod

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Pteris bambusoides A.Gepp

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Myrmephytum arfakianum (Becc.) C.R.Huxley & Jebb

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Guioa amabilis Kaneh. & Hatus.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii), A(iv)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Rhysotoechia momiensis Kaneh. & Hatus.

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(i), A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Alpinia domatifera Valeton

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

Riedelia arfakensis Valeton

Qualifying sub-criterion:
A(iii)
≥ 1% of global population:
True
≥ 5% of national population:
True
1 of 5 best sites nationally:
False
Entire global population:
True
Socio-economically important:
False
Abundance at site:

General site habitats

General site habitat Percent coverage Importance
Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest No value Major
Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest No value Minor

Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest

Percent coverage:
No value
Importance:
Major

Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest

Percent coverage:
No value
Importance:
Minor

Land use types

Land use type Percent coverage Importance
Nature conservation No value Major

Nature conservation

Percent coverage:
No value
Importance:
Major

Conservation designation

Designation name Protected area Relationship with IPA Areal overlap
Arfak Key Biodiversity Area protected/conservation area overlaps with IPA No value

Arfak

Protected area:
Key Biodiversity Area
Relationship with IPA:
protected/conservation area overlaps with IPA
Areal overlap:
No value

Recommended citation

Laura Jennings, Charlie Heatubun, Jimmy Wanma, Liam Trethowan (2024) Tropical Important Plant Areas Explorer: Arfak Mountains (New Guinea). https://tipas.kew.org/site/arfak-mountains/ (Accessed on 27/07/2024)